高中英语教学与高三英语复习备考略谈(1)

华中师大一附中  杨晓斌

一、高一、高二修好鱼池好养鱼（鱼池：完形填空、阅读及短文改错的总汇）

1．完形填空

It’s all in a day’s work for a war reporter, and it can be very  39 . In the first two years of the

 40  in former Yugoslavia(前南斯拉夫), 28 reporters and photographers were killed. Hundreds more were  41 . What kind of people put themselves in danger to  42  pictures to our TV screens and  43  to our newspapers? Why do they do it?(2005年湖北卷)

39. A. dangerous              B. exciting                 C. normal                            D. disappointing

40. A. stay                    B. fight                      C. war                         D. life

41. A. injured                B. buried                          C. defeated                D. saved

42. A. bring                  B. show                           C. take                            D. make

43. A. scenes                B. passages                C. stories                      D. contents

So when Ed  45  for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly  46 , I was so surprised that I was  47 .(2003年全国卷)

45. A. set out                B. got ready                    C. arrived                            D. returned

46. A. notice                 B. admire                          C. believe                   D. measure

47. A. nervous                     B. curious                  C. careless                     D. speechless

  VI．语意、语境判断

2．阅读

 ①表层理解

 ②整体理解

 ③深层理解

 ④常识答题

 ⑤猜词意

3．阅读选题体会

 ①具体全面（首选）

 ②具体片面（不能选）

 ③抽象全面（次选）  

Throughout the world, clothing has many uses. It is used to provide protection from the elements. It also is worn to prevent others from seeing specific parts of one’s body. However, the parts of the body that must be covered vary widely throughout the world. Some clothing is worn to provide supernatural protection. Wearing a lucky shirt to take an exam is calling for supernatural assistance.

People in all cultures use clothing and other forms of bodily decoration to communicate status, intentions and other messages. In North America, we dress differently for business and various leisurc activities. North American clothes than man are. At times, this leads to silly mistakes of interpretation of female intentions on the part of men. Of course, clothing styles also are intended to communicate messages to members of the same gender(性别).

Long before we are near enough to talk to someone, their appearance tells their gender, age, economic class, and often even intentions. We begin to recognize the important cultural clues at an early age. The vocabulary of dress that we learn includes not only items of clothing but also hairstyles, jewelry, and other body decoration. In most cultures, however, the same style of dress communicates different messages depending on the age, gender, and physical appearance of the individual wearing it.

Putting on certain types of clothing can change your behavior and the behavior of others towards you. This can be the case with a doctor’s white lab coat, or an army uniform. Most uniforms are clearly symbolic so that they can rapidly and unmistakably communicate status. For instance, the strange hairstyle and clothing of the English “punkers” are essential aspects of their uniforms.

There are many forms of body decoration other than clothes that are used around the world to send messages. These included body and hair paint, and even body deformation. When doctors put braces on teeth, they are actually doing the same thing – deforming or reforming a part of the body to make it more attractive.(2005年广东卷2)

26. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

   A. Clothing and Culture                                 B. Communication Through Clothing

   C. Clothing and Social Behavior                D. Ways of Sending Messages

How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments-mostly for entertainment purposes—is fair and respectful?

Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats(栖息地). Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.

Zoos claim(声称) to educate people and save endangered species(物种), but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals’ natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species’ name, diet, and natural range(分布区). The animals’ normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don’t usually take care of the animals’ natural needs.

The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.

Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding(圈养繁殖) of endangered big cats. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Haven’t we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?

Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put and end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals’ natural habitats.(2005年北京卷)

67. The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by ______.

   A. pointing out the faults in what zoos do

   B. using evidence he has collected at zoos

   C. questioning the way animals are protected

   D. discussing the advantages of natural habitats

4．短文改错注意事项

On first day, Tommy and I got up early to go to the swimming               79. ___________

pool. The instructor told us to warm it up, and then taught us how                  80. ___________

to breathe properly. Before that, he showed us the freestyle step                      81. ___________

by step. Tommy and I couldn’t wait to get wet and jump into the                            82. ___________

pool. The pool was so deep and we almost drowned. The instructor                     83. ___________

pulled us out and told us it’s danger to swim like that.                                     84. ___________

Swimming is fun, but you have to know to do it correctly.                             85. ___________

二、选好鱼种育好苗（语法、词汇的讲授）

一般说大纲词汇中的重点动词及动词词组，要讲5个左右的用法为宜。

例1. Kathy ____ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.(2005安徽24题)

         A. picked up                     B. took up                 C. made up         D. turned up

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

[the seventh meaning: to get a skill, language, habit, idea or pieces of information by chance rather than by deliberately trying to get it]

例2. —Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor?

 —Of course. What is it?

 —I ______ if you could tell me how to fill out this form.

 A. had wondered        B. was wondering             C. would wonder   D. did wonder

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

[the third meaning: (spoken) used to politely ask someone to help you]